Testing and Treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela; Dick Menzies; Marcel A Behr

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2022.08.001

Testing and Treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Med Clin North Am. 2022 Nov;106(6):929-947. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.08.001.

Authors

Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela¹, Dick Menzies², Marcel A Behr³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue, West Montreal, H3A 1A2, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 5252 boul.de Maisonneuve, West Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3S5, Canada; Department of Medicine, Insituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14000, Mexico.
² Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue, West Montreal, H3A 1A2, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 5252 boul.de Maisonneuve, West Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3S5, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.
³ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue, West Montreal, H3A 1A2, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 5252 boul.de Maisonneuve, West Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3S5, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada. Electronic address: marcel.behr@mcgill.ca.

PMID: 36280337
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.08.001

Abstract

After infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a minority of individuals will progress to tuberculosis disease (TB). The risk is higher among persons with well-established risk factors and within the first year after infection. Testing and treating individuals at high risk of progression maximizes the benefits of TB preventive therapy; avoiding testing of low-risk persons will limit potential harms. Several treatment options are available; rifamycin-based regimens offer the best efficacy-safety balance. In this review, we present an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of TB infection, and summarize common clinical scenarios.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Treatment; Tuberculosis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Antitubercular Agents / adverse effects
Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use
Humans
Rifamycins* / therapeutic use
Tuberculosis* / diagnosis
Tuberculosis* / drug therapy
Tuberculosis* / prevention & control

Substances

Antitubercular Agents
Rifamycins