The treatment of chronic hypoventilation usually requires noninvasive ventilation. However, upper airway obstruction can lead to hypoventilation in conditions such as obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, or chronic obstructive lung diseases (overlap syndrome). In these situations, continuous positive airway pressure can be an effective therapeutic option. This article reviews the pathophysiology of sleep-related hypoventilation, discusses situations where treatment with continuous positive airway pressure is feasible and briefly outlines noninvasive ventilation modes and settings for the treatment of common sleep-related hypoventilation disorders.
Keywords: COPD; Hypoventilation; Neuromuscular disease; Noninvasive ventilation (NIV); Obesity-hypoventilation syndrome; Obstructive sleep apnea; Positive airway pressure; Sleep-disordered breathing.
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