ResearchNet - RechercheNet

Table of Contents

• Description
• Objectives
• Eligibility
• Guidelines
• Review Process and Evaluation
• How to Apply
• Contact Information
• Sponsor Description
• Additional Information

Description

This funding opportunity is announced under CIHR’s Strategic Initiative on Official Language Minority Communities (OLMC) which seeks to understand the health issues of French and English-speaking Canadians who live in communities where they are a minority. An OLMC is a group of Canadians for whom the mother-tongue or the language of choice is French or English in a province where this language is a minority. More precisely, this term refers to English-speaking communities living in Quebec and French-speaking communities living in provinces and territories other than Quebec.

Rationale

It has been reported that French-Speaking Minority Communities rarely, if ever, have access to health services in their mother-tongue/language of choice, and hypothesized that there is a direct connection between language and population health. This problem has also been observed in the English-Speaking Minority Communities for whom regional access is often limited or non-existent in some locations. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that language barriers negatively affect access to health care services and to preventive services, and therefore, to timely diagnosis and treatment. Access to health services in one's language of choice (French or English) is a critical health care issue since the relationships between professional and patient have been shown to be an important determinant of quality of care. However, evidence for understanding the health issue of these linguistic communities regarding their state of health, determinants of health, and issues related to access to services is lacking. This lack of scientific evidence hinders the development of targeted health strategies and effective policies.

Purpose

This funding opportunity is intended to support the creation or development of teams undertaking research relevant to the health care issues of Canadians living in OLMC. Through collaborative research, it is expected this will enhance the understanding and accelerate the resolution of issues in OLMC. The funding aims to:

• Increase research capacity in this area;
• Increase our knowledge of OLMC health determinants, of the relationships among health service governance, management and delivery in OLMCs, as well as the interactions between language, culture and health of OLMCs; and
• Ensure that newly created knowledge is transmitted to researchers and clinicians with the view of improving the health of Canadian OLMC populations.

To accomplish this, research teams must have the capacity to:

• Leverage existing networks and further establish relationships within OLMCs to ensure coordination of efforts and increase the efficiency and impact of research;
• Develop an interdisciplinary training and mentorship component to support trainees and equip them with the skills required for academic and non-academic careers:
  • Identify scientific training and mentorship gaps and address them through diverse and innovative approaches;
  • Engage academic, non-academic and knowledge user mentors from a variety of disciplines, sectors, and jurisdictions;
  • Implement best practices in equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) within the training environment.
• Mobilize research knowledge within and across all pillars: health systems services, population health, biomedical and clinical.

Research Areas

In addressing health care issues of Canadians living in OLMC, research proposals should focus on one or more of the following areas:

• Access to care
• Determinants of health
• Language, culture and health
• Data and knowledge synthesis
• Health services governance, management and delivery
• Other priority areas

Within the overarching purpose and research areas mentioned above, this funding opportunity will support one team from each of Canada’s official language communities in minority situations:

• English-speaking OLMC: English-speaking communities living in Quebec.
• French-speaking OLMC: French-speaking communities living in provinces and territories other than Quebec.

Other Considerations:

Equity, Diversity and Inclusion

CIHR is committed to promoting the inclusion and advancement of groups historically excluded from science as one of the means to enhance excellence in research, training and knowledge mobilization. This means recognizing and reducing systemic barriers, mitigating biases, as well as including and benefiting from the full pool of talented researchers and trainees in the system. CIHR’s position on equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) is available in the Tri Agency Statement on Equity, Diversity and Inclusion.

Indigenous Rights

CIHR recognizes that First Nations, Métis and Inuit are rights-holding as First Peoples of Canada and may not consider themselves to be part of equity-seeking groups (e.g., women, racialized minorities, persons with disabilities and members of LGBTQ2+ communities). Taking a rights- and distinctions-based approach to Indigenous self-determination in research is important to reflect this position and to strengthen Indigenous health and well-being. CIHR’s commitment to supporting Indigenous self-determination in health research is available in the CIHR Strategic Plan 2021–2031 and the Action Plan: Building a healthier future for First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples.

Role and Contributions of Applicant Partners: CIHR recognizes that a broad range of partners may be relevant to this opportunity and it is expected that applicant(s) describe the role of all applicant partners and how/if they will contribute to research and research related activities. Any consideration of risk and/or conflict of interest should also be explained, as appropriate.

Funds Available

CIHR and partner(s) financial contributions for this initiative are subject to availability of funds. Should CIHR or partner(s) funding levels not be available or are decreased due to unforeseen circumstances, CIHR and partner(s) reserve the right to reduce, defer or suspend financial contributions to grants received as a result of this funding opportunity.

• The total amount available for this funding opportunity is $3,000,000, enough to fund approximately two (2) grants. This amount may increase if additional funding partners participate. The maximum amount per grant is $250,000 per year for up to six (6) years, for a total of $1,500,000 per grant.
• Of this $3,000,000:
  • $ 1,500,000 is available to fund one (1) grant from the English-speaking OLMC
  • $ 1,500,000 is available to fund one (1) grant from the French-speaking OLMC
  • The top ranked application relevant to each pool will be funded. If a pool is undersubscribed or lacks fundable applications, funds will be rolled into the alternate pool.

For more information on the appropriate use of funds, refer to Allowable Costs.

Objectives

The specific objectives of this funding opportunity are to:

• Generate new knowledge through OLMC researcher-led teams to advance our understanding of the health care issues facing Canadians living in official language minority communities.
• Cultivate collaborations that build and/or strengthen co-design and partnerships between researchers and the OLMC health care community (i.e., policy and decision-makers) with a shared goal in supporting evidence-informed solutions to the health issues experienced within official language minority communities.
• Maximize research impact and knowledge mobilization to facilitate the integration and use of evidence to inform health policy, program development and system improvements.
• Foster a high-quality, interdisciplinary training and mentoring environment that actively engages trainees and early career researchers to increase capacity and prepare a diverse next generation of leaders to address OLMC health priorities.

Eligibility

Eligibility to Apply

For an application to be eligible, all the requirements stated below must be met:

1. The Nominated Principal Applicant (NPA) must be an independent researcher or a knowledge user, affiliated with a Canadian postsecondary institution and/or its affiliated institutions (including hospitals, research institutes and other non-profit organizations with a mandate for health research and/or knowledge translation).
2. The NPA must have their substantive role in Canada for the duration of the requested grant term.
3. The Institution Paid must be authorized to administer CIHR funds by the funding start date (see Administration of Funds).
4. The NPA must have successfully completed one of the sex- and gender-based analysis training modules available online through the CIHR Institute of Gender and Health and have submitted a Certificate of Completion (see How to Apply section).
5. In addition to the NPA, the core research team must also include one of each of the following:
   • An independent researcher, identified as a Principal Applicant (PA); and
   • An Early Career Researcher (ECR), identified as a Principal Applicant (PA). If the NPA is an ECR, no additional ECR is required. 
6. For research involving Indigenous Peoples, at least one member of the research team in a Principal role (i.e. PA or Principal Knowledge User (PKU)) must self-identify as Indigenous (First Nations, Inuit or Métis) or provide evidence of meaningful and culturally safe involvement with Indigenous Peoples (see How to Apply section).

Guidelines

General CIHR Policies

Before submitting an application to this funding opportunity, applicants should review the relevant policies and guidelines on the CIHR Funding Policies page, including the CIHR Application Administration Guide – Part 2 General Requirements for Grants and Awards Applications, to ensure understanding of their responsibilities and expectations.

Allowable Costs

Applicants are advised to consult the Use of Grant Funds section of the Tri-Agency (CIHR, NSERC and SSHRC) Guide on Financial Administration (TAGFA) to determine if an expenditure is an appropriate use of grant funds.

To further clarify, the following expenses are examples of appropriate uses of grant funds, provided they satisfy the principles and pertinent directives of the TAGFA:

• Costs related to the translation and preparation of information/material intended for public consumption, including for the purposes of informing and engaging partners (e.g., website content, information pamphlets, guidelines, promotional and event-related material, etc.).
• Expenditures that respect the culture and traditions of Indigenous peoples, where needed for the meaningful conduct of research. See TCPS 2 (2022) – Chapter 9 Research Involving the First Nations, Inuit and Métis Peoples of Canada and TAGFA Directive on Gifts, Honoraria and Incentives. These include:
  • Costs related to community mobilization and engagement, including culturally relevant promotional items such as, tobacco, cloth, feasting and gift giving for honoring ceremonies, and cash reimbursements (in a method acceptable to the individual or community being reimbursed) to compensate community participation.
  • Contracts and/or consultant fees for knowledge translation and communication activities for Indigenous Elders, community members, and Indigenous Knowledge Keepers involved in activities related to the Indigenous community.

Use of Personal Information

• Personal information submitted during the application process, including but not limited to information provided through applicant CVs, the Self-identification Questionnaire and other application documents required by this FO, will be made available to CIHR personnel for the purposes of future program design and delivery, results measurement and reporting. For further information about the self-identification questionnaire and the use of personal information, see the Self-identification Questionnaire Frequently Asked Questions. 
• The following information submitted to CIHR at the registration stage will be shared with the proposed institution paid for planning purposes: name of the NPA (and other applicants, if provided), application number, title of the proposal and requested budget.

Conditions of Funding

In addition to the general conditions of funding governing CIHR grants, the following are the program specific conditions of funding applicable to this funding opportunity:

• Data related to First Nations, Inuit or Métis communities whose traditional and ancestral territories are in Canada must be managed in accordance with data management principles developed and approved by those communities, and on the basis of free, prior and informed consent. This includes, but is not limited to, considerations of Indigenous data sovereignty, as well as data collection, ownership, protection, use, and sharing.
• All information intended for public consumption, for the purposes of informing and engaging partners (e.g., website content, information pamphlets, guidelines, promotional and event-related material, etc.), must be provided in both official languages (English and French) and should be developed using plain language practices. See Allowable Costs for more details.
• CIHR reserves the right to terminate or suspend funding if there is a determination of unacceptable national security risk by the Government of Canada.
• The applicant must consent to the use and disclosure of full application and nominative information at the time of application, for purposes of relevance review and/or funding decisions by the relevant sponsors.
• The Nominated Principal Applicant will be required to submit an electronic Final Report to CIHR. This online report will be made available to the Nominated Principal Applicant on ResearchNet at the beginning of the grant funding period and can be filled in as the research progresses.
• The Principal Applicants who are successful in this competition are strongly encouraged to actively participate in peer review, and as members of the CIHR College of Reviewers, when invited.

Review Process and Evaluation

Relevance Review Process

CIHR will perform a relevance review using the Summary of Research Proposal along with the Relevance Form to identify applications that are in alignment with the purpose and the objectives of this funding opportunity, as well as the research area if applying to a specific funding pool.

Applications that are not deemed to be relevant will be withdrawn from the competition.

Review Process

For information on the peer review process for this funding opportunity, see the Review Guidelines – Priority-driven initiatives.

For information on CIHR’s peer review principles, see the Peer Review: Overview section of CIHR’s website.

Peer review will be conducted in accordance with the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA).

Evaluation Criteria

To support the strategic objectives of this funding opportunity, the following evaluation criteria will be used:

1. Research Approach
   1. Extent to which the proposed research responds to the objectives of the funding opportunity.
   2. Appropriateness of the research design and methods.
   3. Anticipation of difficulties that may be encountered in the research and plans for management.
   4. Quality and appropriateness of incorporation of Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) and Indigenous Rights (IR) into the research proposed. Refer to the Best practices in Equity, Diversity and Inclusion in Research and How to integrate sex and gender into research for additional guidance.
   5. Forresearch projects involving First Nations, Inuit, and/or Métis Peoples:
      • Extent to which the proposed research aligns with CIHR's definition of Indigenous Health Research and Meaningful and Culturally Safe Health Research and abides by the Tri-Council Policy Statement Chapter 9: Research Involving the First Nations, Inuit and Métis Peoples of Canada.
      • Extent to which the project recognizes the rights of Indigenous Peoples and Indigenous self-determination and self-governance. This includes recognition of Indigenous data sovereignty, such as following the First Nations Principles of OCAP®¹ (Ownership, Control, Access and Possession), the CARE Principles (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics) for Indigenous Data Governance, or other principles of Indigenous self-governance, as appropriate.
2. Applicants
   1. Appropriateness of the expertise and experience of the applicants in the proposed area of research and with the proposed methodology, including lived experience and/or experience working with OLMCs;
   2. Appropriateness of the team of applicants to carry out the proposed research, in terms of complementarity of expertise and synergistic potential.
   3. Clarity of roles and contributions of all team members to carry out the proposed research, training, mentoring and knowledge mobilization activities of the research program.
   4. Extent to which the team has demonstrated relationships and connections with multiple stakeholders and partners from diverse research areas and sectors.
   5. For research projects involving First Nations, Inuit, and/or Métis Peoples:
      • The extent to which the applicants have the necessary knowledge, expertise and experience in Indigenous health research.
      • The extent to which the applicants demonstrate a commitment to meaningful and culturally safe involvement with Indigenous communities.
3. Environment for the Research and Capacity Building
   1. Suitability of the environment to conduct the proposed research.
   2. Suitability of the environment for engaging and supporting trainees and/or early career researchers.
4. Impact of the Research
   1. Quality and appropriateness of the proposed knowledge mobilization opportunities between researchers, community, decision makers and/or policy leaders, including dissemination and/or application of research results;
   2. Potential for a significant contribution to the improvement to health outcomes of those living OLMCs within and beyond the term of the funding opportunity.
   3. Likelihood that the proposed research training and mentoring environments for trainees and ECRs will increase capacity in OLMC health research.
   4. Extent of the role(s) and contribution(s) of all applicant partner(s) in advancing research objectives (if applicable).
   5. Proactive and meaningful consideration of partnership risks, including the extent of real and/or perceived conflict of interest and appropriateness of its management and mitigation (if applicable).
5. Budget:
   1. Feasibility of proposed activities based on available budget.

Funding Decision

Applications relevant to each pool will be funded top down in order of ranking. If a pool is undersubscribed or lacks fundable applications, funds will be rolled into the alternate pool.

Applications that receive a rating below 3.5 will not be funded.

The names of successfully funded applicants will be published on the CIHR website.

Partner and Internal Collaborator Participation

The opportunity to add new partners and internal collaborators to this funding opportunity may arise after publication. These partners and internal collaborators may not be listed; however, the principles that govern relevance review, including consent to share information and funding decisions, will still apply.

How to Apply

• The application process for this funding opportunity is comprised of two steps: Registration and Full Application.
• To complete your registration, follow the instructions in the Grants - Registration Guidelines along with any additional instructions found below under “Specific Instructions”. 
• To complete your Full Application, follow the “Specific Instructions” listed below, and where applicable, consult the Grants – Application Guidelines.
• All participants listed, with the exception of Collaborators, are required to:
• Have/obtain a CIHR PIN
• Complete the Self-identification Questionnaire .
• All documents must be in PDF format and must adhere to the guidelines for attachments on the Acceptable Application Formats and Attachments.

Specific instructions to complete your ResearchNet application

Step 1 – Registration

Task: Identify Participants

• List all known project participants in the "Identify Participants" task.
• The Nominated Principal Applicant must remain unchanged between Registration and Application. Other participants can be added, removed, or change roles between Registration and Application.
• CVs are not required at the registration stage.

Task: Enter Proposal Information

• This task collects information related to the research project. Complete the Overview, Details, and Descriptors sections.
• A Research Proposal is not required at this stage.

Task: Complete Summary of Research Proposal

• Summarize your research proposal (one (1) page). At this step, the summary may be used to find reviewers with the expertise required to assess the proposal. Relevance review will be performed at the application stage.

Task: Complete Peer Review Administration Information

• This task collects information used for the purpose of peer review administration and aids CIHR in recruiting appropriate expertise.
• Suggest Canadian and/or international reviewers that you think have the expertise to review your application. CIHR reserves the right to make the final selection of reviewers. You should not suggest reviewers in conflict of interest. Consult the Conflict of Interest and Confidentiality Agreement for Peer Reviewers and Peer Review Observers on the CIHR website for more information.

Task: Apply to Priority Announcements/Funding Pools (optional)

• Select the funding opportunity title under the "Priority Announcement/Funding Pool Title" drop-down list, then select the funding pool under the "List of Relevant Research Areas" drop-down list.
• Only one (1) funding pool can be selected.
• Relevance Form: Describe (in a half-page) how the research proposed aligns with the selected funding pool.

Task: Manage Access (optional)

• The Nominated Principal Applicant (NPA) can delegate access to a maximum of five individuals to support the completion of the application. Note: A delegate's access does not carry over from one stage of the competition to another (i.e., from the registration to the application stage). The NPA will need to delegate access at each stage of a competition. NPAs should revoke delegates' access prior to completing the Consent and Submit tasks if they do not want them to retain access to submitted applications via their Completed Activities tab. For more information, please see the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ).

Step 2 – Application

Task: Identify Participants

• List all participants in the “Identify Participants” task. Consult the Eligibility section and ensure that all requirements are met.
• All participants are required to submit a CV (excluding collaborators).
  • All Canadian academic applicants are required to upload a CIHR Biosketch CV.
  • Knowledge users, non-academics, Indigenous organizations, and international applicants have the option to submit either a CIHR Biosketch CV or Applicant Profile CV (maximum three pages per applicant). Each Applicant Profile CV must include: 5-10 expertise keywords; a summary of the applicant's education, current/past affiliations and employment/research experience with effective dates; and, any other information pertinent to the participant's role on the application.
  • Submit Biosketch CVs using the Canadian Common CV (CCV) interface. Submit Applicant Profile CVs by uploading the completed document, in the “Attachment” tab.

Task: Enter Proposal Information

• The Research Proposal should address each of the elements presented in the evaluation criteria.
• Research proposals written in French will be allowed to submit additional pages, in support of evidence demonstrating that French documents require approximately 20% more space than similar English documents. Therefore, to ensure an equitable amount of space is provided, the following page limits will apply:
  • Ten (10) pages for research proposals written in English
  • Twelve (12) pages for research proposals written in French
    Note: For research proposals submitted in English, any pages over the 10-page limit will be removed with no further notification to the Nominated Principal Applicant.
• The research proposal should stand alone (i.e., it should contain all the information required to support your research plan and should contain a complete description of your project).
• References, charts, tables, figures and photographs can be uploaded under "Attachments – Research Proposal Appendix".

Task: Complete Summary of the Research Proposal

• The summary must include a description of how your proposal aligns with the purpose and the objectives of this funding opportunity, as well as the specific funding pool chosen. Note that your summary cannot exceed one (1) page.

Task: Enter Budget Information

• Financial Assistance Requested Details:
  • Provide a detailed budget justification in relation to planned activities and clearly justify all budget items (including cash and cash equivalent contributions, if relevant).

Task: Attach Other Application Materials

• Upload the following documents as “Other”:
  • Label as: “SGBA+ Training – Name” (mandatory for NPA)
    • After completing the appropriate training module that applies to your research project, you will receive a certificate of completion that you will save and upload here. The training module should take approximately 40 minutes to complete.
    • N.B. The certificate was previously issued as a secured document. If your certificate is secured, to successfully append the document to your application, you must upload an unsecured PDF copy. The certificate can be saved as an unsecured PDF by using print screen or by scanning the document.
  • For applications that involve Indigenous Peoples:
    • Label as: “Indigenous Experience – Name” (mandatory, if applicable):
      • This funding opportunity seeks applicants who self-identify as Indigenous (First Nations, Inuit or Métis) and/or can provide evidence of having meaningful and culturally safe involvement with Indigenous Peoples.
      • Attach a description of how the applicant meets this requirement (maximum one (1) page).
  • Applicant Partner COI Document (required if applicable): Describe the role of all applicant partners, how/if they will contribute to research and research related activities, and any consideration of risk and/or conflict of interest as appropriate (maximum one (1) page).

Note: Any pages over the page limits specified for attachments under "Other" will result in the removal of additional pages with no further notification to the Nominated Principal Applicant.

• Participant Table (mandatory) – upload as "Participant Table": This table will be used for eligibility assessment. In a table format with column headers matching the bolded titles below, provide the following information about all applicant team members (including Collaborators):
  • Name (Last Name, First Name or organization);
  • Role of participant (e.g., Nominated Principal Applicant, Principal Applicant, Principal Knowledge User, Co-Applicant, Knowledge User, Collaborator);
  • Primary affiliation, host institution/organization of each participant, where appropriate;
  • Participant type(s) (e.g., researcher [Early-, Mid-, or Senior Career Researcher], health system decision maker, participant who self-identifies as Indigenous (First Nations, Métis or Inuit) or provides evidence of having meaningful and culturally safe involvement with Indigenous communities, trainee, etc.);
  • Expertise and Experience – Include a brief description of what each participant brings to their role on the application.
    When completing the application, applicants must protect the privacy and confidentiality of all team members. How an individual self-identifies is personal and confidential information, which should not be disclosed without consent
• Publications (optional) – upload under “Publications”:
  • A one (1) page list of up to ten (10) publications relevant to the proposal.
• Letters from Collaborators (optional):
  • If applicable, a signed letter is required from all Collaborator(s) listed on the application that outlines their contribution to the research.

Task: Identify Application Partners (Optional) – Upload Partner Information

• A Partnership Details form must be submitted for each partner providing cash or in-kind contributions. You must save it and upload it onto ResearchNet.
• Upload a signed “Partner Letter” describing their role, activities, authorities, accountabilities and contributions (including intellectual, financial [cash or cash equivalent] and other resources).

Task: Complete Peer Review Administration Information

• Applicants are encouraged to suggest Canadian and/or international reviewers that they think have the expertise to review their application. CIHR reserves the right to make the final selection of reviewers. You should not suggest reviewers in conflict of interest. Consult the  Conflict of Interest and Confidentiality Agreement for Peer Reviewers and Peer Review Observers on the CIHR website for more information.

Task: Apply to Priority Announcements/Funding Pools (mandatory)

• Select the funding opportunity title under the "Priority Announcement/Funding Pool Title" drop-down list, then select the funding pool under the "List of Relevant Research Areas" drop-down list.
• Only one funding pool can be selected.
• Relevance Form: Describe (in a half-page) how the research proposed aligns with the selected funding pool.

Task: Manage Access (optional)

• The Nominated Principal Applicant (NPA) can delegate access to a maximum of five individuals to support the completion of the application. Note: A delegate’s access does not carry over from one stage of the competition to another (i.e., from the registration to the application stage). The NPA will need to delegate access at each stage of a competition. NPAs should revoke delegates’ access prior to completing the Consent and Submit tasks if they do not want them to retain access to submitted applications via their Completed Activities tab. For more information, please see the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ).

Task: Print Signature Pages

• Signature Requirements:
  • Signature of the Nominated Principal Applicant is not required for applications submitted through ResearchNet.
  • Signatures must be included for all other applicants (except Collaborators), and individual(s) with signing authority from the Institution Paid.
  • Original signatures are not required. The scanned signed signature pages and the Routing Slip must be uploaded in the Print/Upload Signature Pages task in ResearchNet prior to submitting your application.

Contact Information

For all inquiries, please contact:  

CIHR Contact Centre
Telephone: 613-954-1968 
Toll Free: 1-888-603-4178
Email: support-soutien@cihr-irsc.gc.ca

For service hours, please consult our Contact us page.

Sponsor Description

Note: Additional partners/internal collaborators, including from industry and the private sector, may join this funding initiative over the coming year.

Internal Collaborators

Canadian Institutes of Health Research
At the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), we know that research has the power to change lives. As Canada’s health research investment agency, we collaborate with partners and researchers to support the discoveries and innovations that improve our health and strengthen our health care system.

Additional Information

Administration of Funds

Funds will only be released to the institution or organization identified as the Institution Paid.  If the Institution Paid is not already authorized to administer CIHR funds, for the duration of the grant term, it may be required to undergo a financial and eligibility review and sign a funding agreement, or the successful applicant may choose to have their funds administered by a CIHR eligible institution. Please contact the Contact Centre to enquire about the process.

CARE Principles, OCAP® and Distinctions-Based Approaches

The CARE (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics) Principles for Indigenous Data Governance are people and purpose-oriented, reflecting the crucial role of data in advancing Indigenous innovation and self-determination. These principles complement the existing FAIR principles encouraging open and other data movements to consider both people and purpose in their advocacy and pursuits.

The First Nations Principles of Ownership, Control, Access and Possession (OCAP®) serve as an example of First Nations self-governance, but is distinct to First Nations and not distinct to Inuit, Métis, or Urban Indigenous communities, collectives and organizations. CIHR recognizes that a distinctions-based approach is needed to ensure that the unique rights, interests, and circumstances of the First Nations, Inuit, Métis, and Urban Indigenous communities are acknowledged, affirmed, and implemented.

References

1. OCAP® is a registered trademark of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC).