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Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in North America, 2021/2022 Active

By National Wildlife Health Center November 27, 2022

The first 2021/2022 detection of Eurasian strain (EA) highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in North America occurred in December 2021 in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Subsequently, HPAI EA H5 and EA H5N1 viruses have been confirmed in wild birds, backyard flocks, commercial poultry facilities, and wild mammals in both Canada and the United States. This HPAI distribution map will be updated weekly or as frequently as documented changes in distribution are available. 

Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, 2021/2022 

showing current distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus detections.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, 2021/2022. Updated November 27, 2022.

The USGS National Wildlife Health Center coordinates with members of the U.S. Interagency Steering Committee for Surveillance for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Wild Birds on wild bird surveillance and information-sharing.

Distribution data include laboratory confirmed cases of EA HPAI H5 and EA HPAI H5N1 viruses as reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), and state agriculture and natural resource management agencies. Summary tables of detection locations can be found below.

 

Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to Tribal Lands in the United States, 2021/2022

showing current distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus detections and tribal lands.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to Tribal Lands in the United States, 2021/2022. Updated November 27, 2022.

Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Refuges and National Park Service Lands, 2021/2022

Map of North America showing locations of HPAI detections in relation to USFWS refuges and NPS lands.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Refuges and National Park Service Lands, 2021/2022. Updated November 27, 2022.

 

Summary of Detection Locations 

 

United States

State Commercial Flocks Backyard Flocks Wild Birds Wild Mammals
Alabama     X  
Alaska   X X X
Arizona   X X  
Arkansas X X X  
California X X X  
Colorado X X X  
Connecticut   X X  
Delaware X X X  
District of Columbia     X  
Florida   X X X
Georgia   X X  
Idaho X X X X
Illinois   X X  
Indiana X X X  
Iowa X X X X
Kansas X X X  
Kentucky X X X  
Louisiana     X  
Maine   X X X
Maryland X X X  
Massachusetts   X X  
Michigan X X X X
Minnesota X X X X
Mississippi X X X  
Missouri X X X  
Montana   X X  
Nebraska X X X  
Nevada   X X  
New Hampshire   X X  
New Jersey   X X  
New Mexico   X    
New York X X X X
North Carolina X X X  
North Dakota X X X X
Ohio X X X  
Oklahoma X X X  
Oregon   X X  
Pennsylvania X X X  
Rhode Island   X X  
South Carolina   X X  
South Dakota X X X  
Tennessee X X X  
Texas X X X  
Utah X X X X
Vermont   X X  
Virginia   X X  
Washington   X X X
Wisconsin X X X X
Wyoming   X X  

Canada

Province Commercial Flocks Backyard Flocks Wild Birds Wild Mammals
Alberta X X X X
British Columbia X X X X
Manitoba X   X X
New Brunswick   X X  
Newfoundland and Labrador   X X  
Nova Scotia X X X X
Nunavut     X  
Ontario X X X X
Prince Edward Island     X X
Quebec X X X X
Saskatchewan X X X  
Yukon Territory     X  

 

link
Testing for Avian Influenza

Avian Influenza Surveillance

The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) conducts surveillance in wild birds to facilitate early detection and situational awareness for high consequence pathogens, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses.
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, National Wildlife Health Center
link

Avian Influenza Surveillance

The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) conducts surveillance in wild birds to facilitate early detection and situational awareness for high consequence pathogens, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses.
Learn More
link
Northern gannet flying with mountains in background.

Avian Influenza

Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health.
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, National Wildlife Health Center
link

Avian Influenza

Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health.
Learn More

Wildlife Health Information Sharing Partnership – event reporting system (WHISPers)

WHISPers, the Wildlife Health Information Sharing Partnership - event reporting system, is a partner-driven, web-based repository for sharing basic information about historic and ongoing wildlife mortality (death) and/or morbidity (illness) events. 

By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center
  • Overview

    The first 2021/2022 detection of Eurasian strain (EA) highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in North America occurred in December 2021 in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Subsequently, HPAI EA H5 and EA H5N1 viruses have been confirmed in wild birds, backyard flocks, commercial poultry facilities, and wild mammals in both Canada and the United States. This HPAI distribution map will be updated weekly or as frequently as documented changes in distribution are available. 

    Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, 2021/2022 

    showing current distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus detections.
    Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
    Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, 2021/2022. Updated November 27, 2022.

    The USGS National Wildlife Health Center coordinates with members of the U.S. Interagency Steering Committee for Surveillance for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Wild Birds on wild bird surveillance and information-sharing.

    Distribution data include laboratory confirmed cases of EA HPAI H5 and EA HPAI H5N1 viruses as reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), and state agriculture and natural resource management agencies. Summary tables of detection locations can be found below.

     

    Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to Tribal Lands in the United States, 2021/2022

    showing current distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus detections and tribal lands.
    Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
    Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to Tribal Lands in the United States, 2021/2022. Updated November 27, 2022.

    Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Refuges and National Park Service Lands, 2021/2022

    Map of North America showing locations of HPAI detections in relation to USFWS refuges and NPS lands.
    Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
    Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 and H5N1 in North America, in Relation to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Refuges and National Park Service Lands, 2021/2022. Updated November 27, 2022.

     

    Summary of Detection Locations 

     

    United States

    State Commercial Flocks Backyard Flocks Wild Birds Wild Mammals
    Alabama     X  
    Alaska   X X X
    Arizona   X X  
    Arkansas X X X  
    California X X X  
    Colorado X X X  
    Connecticut   X X  
    Delaware X X X  
    District of Columbia     X  
    Florida   X X X
    Georgia   X X  
    Idaho X X X X
    Illinois   X X  
    Indiana X X X  
    Iowa X X X X
    Kansas X X X  
    Kentucky X X X  
    Louisiana     X  
    Maine   X X X
    Maryland X X X  
    Massachusetts   X X  
    Michigan X X X X
    Minnesota X X X X
    Mississippi X X X  
    Missouri X X X  
    Montana   X X  
    Nebraska X X X  
    Nevada   X X  
    New Hampshire   X X  
    New Jersey   X X  
    New Mexico   X    
    New York X X X X
    North Carolina X X X  
    North Dakota X X X X
    Ohio X X X  
    Oklahoma X X X  
    Oregon   X X  
    Pennsylvania X X X  
    Rhode Island   X X  
    South Carolina   X X  
    South Dakota X X X  
    Tennessee X X X  
    Texas X X X  
    Utah X X X X
    Vermont   X X  
    Virginia   X X  
    Washington   X X X
    Wisconsin X X X X
    Wyoming   X X  

    Canada

    Province Commercial Flocks Backyard Flocks Wild Birds Wild Mammals
    Alberta X X X X
    British Columbia X X X X
    Manitoba X   X X
    New Brunswick   X X  
    Newfoundland and Labrador   X X  
    Nova Scotia X X X X
    Nunavut     X  
    Ontario X X X X
    Prince Edward Island     X X
    Quebec X X X X
    Saskatchewan X X X  
    Yukon Territory     X  

     

  • Science
    link
    Testing for Avian Influenza

    Avian Influenza Surveillance

    The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) conducts surveillance in wild birds to facilitate early detection and situational awareness for high consequence pathogens, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses.
    By
    Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, National Wildlife Health Center
    link

    Avian Influenza Surveillance

    The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) conducts surveillance in wild birds to facilitate early detection and situational awareness for high consequence pathogens, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses.
    Learn More
    link
    Northern gannet flying with mountains in background.

    Avian Influenza

    Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health.
    By
    Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, National Wildlife Health Center
    link

    Avian Influenza

    Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health.
    Learn More
  • Web Tools

    Wildlife Health Information Sharing Partnership – event reporting system (WHISPers)

    WHISPers, the Wildlife Health Information Sharing Partnership - event reporting system, is a partner-driven, web-based repository for sharing basic information about historic and ongoing wildlife mortality (death) and/or morbidity (illness) events. 

    By
    Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center